Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the clear lining of the eyelids and covers the white of the eye. It is sometimes called “pink eye.” 

What causes Conjunctivitis?

This can be caused by many things such as allergies and infections by a virus or bacteria.

1. If it is caused by an allergy, the eyes will be itchy, watery, red and there may be eyelid swelling. The eyelids can also be red and scaly. Some people may also have sneezing and itching in the throat or ears. This is called “allergic conjunctivitis.”
   
   
2. A viral infection can be spread through coughing, sneezing or touching the infected area. Often the eyes are itchy or scratchy, red with a watery discharge. There also may be a runny nose, cough or sneezing.
   
   
3. A bacterial infection often causes the eyelids to stick together (matting), colored discharge in the eyes and dried discharge on the cheeks. The white part of the eyes are pink or red, and the eyes are puffy. This type can be from a cold or be spread through contact with infected items.
   

How is it treated?

Treatment is based on the cause.

1. If it is caused by an allergy, it is treated first by avoiding items that caused the reaction. Medicines such as antihistamines by mouth can be helpful if there are other symptoms. Allergy eye drops, which can be bought over the counter, are often helpful for eye symptoms.
   
   
2. If it is caused by a virus it will often go away on its own, without treatment. The use of the pills may help with the itching and redness. This type can last up to 30 days.
   
   
3. If it is caused by a bacteria, antibiotic eye drops or ointment will be used. Symptoms should be improved after 2 days of starting treatment.
   

How can it be stopped?

• Wash your hands often. Do not touch or rub your eyes.
  
  
• Do not share eye make-up. If you have pink eye, you will need to throw out your eye make-up to prevent re-infection. Make-up brushes or must be washed in warm soapy water weekly.
  
  
• Do not use eye medicine prescribed for anyone else.
  
  
• Do not share towels, washcloths, or sheets with anyone. If only one eye is infected use a separate towel/washcloth for each eye.
  
  
• Avoid swimming in pools until the symptoms subside.
  
  
• Do not wear contact lenses.
  

When should I call the doctor?

Call your care provider right away if you have:

• Vision changes
  
  
• Pain in the eye or your eye becomes sensitive to light
  
  
• Do not improve or you develop new symptoms.