A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye. The lens is located behind the iris, the colored part of the eye that you can see when you look into the eyes. The lens focuses light on the retina (like film in a camera), so you can see clearly. When the lens becomes cloudy, light cannot pass through it.
What causes cataracts?
Having cataracts is a normal part of getting older. Babies can also be born with cataracts. Cataracts can also happen as a result of an injury or be caused by diseases like diabetes. Some medicines can cause cataracts, too.
What are the symptoms of a cataract?
You cannot feel a cataract and it does not hurt. Your vision slowly becomes worse. Cataracts usually develop in both eyes, but not always. A cataract may occur earlier in one eye. You may notice some blurred vision or glare from headlights when you drive at night. Cataracts also block light from entering the eye. This makes it harder to see in dim light. As cataracts become worse, it is harder to see and do the things that you might enjoy. You may have trouble reading letters and books or have trouble doing your hobbies.
What is the treatment for cataracts?
Cataracts may not cause any problems at first. Your doctor will do some tests to follow the changes in your cataracts. The doctor will ask you questions about your health and any eye diseases or surgeries that you have had. The doctor will also ask about medicines you take.
If your cataracts are serious, the doctor will talk to you about your treatment. Cataracts cannot be fixed with lasers or eye drops. Surgery is the only way to remove a cataract. If your cataracts do not keep you from doing what you enjoy, you may want to wait before having surgery. A change in your eyeglasses might help for a while. You and your doctor will make a decision together.